APPROACHES TO REDUCE INFANTS MORTALITY RATE IN EMURE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE

APPROACHES TO REDUCE INFANTS MORTALITY RATE IN EMURE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents                                                                                           Pages
COVER PAGE                                                                                 i
TITLE PAGE                                                                                    ii
CERTIFICATION                                                                                      iii
APPROVAL PAGE                                                                          iv
DEDICATION                                                                                  v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                              vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS                                                                            vii-ix
LIST OF FIGURES                                                                          x
LIST OF TABLES                                                                                      xi
LIST OF APPENDICES                                                                             xii
ABSTRACT                                                                                     xiii-xiv
CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
Background to the study                                                                            1
Statement of the problem                                                                  8
Purpose of the study                                                                         9
Significance of the study                                                                             9
Scope of the study                                                                                      10
Research questions                                                                                     10
Research hypotheses                                                                                  11
 
 
CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Review of literature                                                                    12
Conceptual framework                                                               13
Concept of mortality                                                                  15
Causes of mortality                                                                    16
Approaches in reducing infant mortality rate in Nigeria                      20
Socio-economic determinant of child survival                                     30
Theoretical framework                                                               33
Summary of literature reviewed                                                           39
CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY
Research design                                                                                    40
Area of the study                                                                         41
Population of the study                                                                        42
Sample and sampling techniques                                                          42
Instruments for data collection                                                    43
Validation of the instrument                                                       44
Reliability of the instrument                                                                 44
Administration of the instrument                                                45
Data analysis techniques                                                             45
 
CHAPTER IV – PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
Research question 1                                                                   46
Research question 2                                                                   48
Research question3                                                                  50
Research question 4                                                                    51
Research question 5                                                                            53
Test of research hypothesis  1                                                            54
Test of research hypothesis 2                                                             55
Test of research hypothesis 3                                                   56
Test of research hypothesis 4                                                    57
Test of research hypothesis 5                                                              58
CHAPTER V – DISCUSSION OF RESULTS, SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS,
                           RECOMMENDATIONS
Discussion of results                                                                          60
Summary of the study                                                                       64
Conclusion                                                                                         65
Implication of the findings                                                      66
Recommendations                                                                   67
Limitations of the study                                                           67
Suggestions for further studies                                                68
 
 
References                                                                              69
Appendix A                                                                            76
Appendix B                                                                             80
Appendix C                                                                             82
Appendix D                                                                                      83
 
 


LIST OF FIGURES
Figures                                                                                              Pages
Fig 2.1:  Conceptual framework on infant mortality                        13
Fig 2.2:  Theoretical framework                                                       38
 
 
LIST OF TABLE
Tables                                                                                                  pages
Table 4.0: Descriptive analyses showing how immunization reduce            46
Infant mortality
Table 4.1 Descriptive analyses showing how Counseling during antenatal   48
helps to reduce infant mortality
Table 4.2: Descriptive analyses showing how Health Education helps in     50
reduce infant mortality
Table 4.3 Descriptive analyses showing how free health care reduce            51
infant mortality
Table 4.4: Descriptive analyses showing how the use of health facilities       53
helps reduce infant mortality
Table 4.5:Chi-square analyses showing the significant of immunization in    54
reducing infant mortality
Table 4.6: Chi-square analyses showing the significant of Counselling in         55
reducing infant mortality
Table 4.7: Chi-square analyses showing the significant of immunization        56
in reducing  infant mortality
Table 4.8: Chi-square analyses showing the significant of  free health care    57
services in reducing infant mortality
Table 4.9: Chi-square analyses showing how health facilities help to reduce   58
infant mortality
 
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendices                                                                                         pages
Appendix A: Questionnaire on the approaches to reduce infant mortality    76
rate in Emure local government Area of Ekiti state
Appendix B: Reliability statistics using Pearson product moment         80
correlation (PPMC)
Appendix C: Letter of permission to collect data/information/carry out         82
Research experiment
Appendix D: List of Hospital and Health Centers                                             83
ABSTRACT
The study investigated the approaches to reduce infant mortality rate in Emure Local government area of Ekiti state. Nigeria has one of the highest maternal and infant mortality rates in the world and this necessitated the greater attention given to Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services in the country’s. The purpose of the study was to find out if immunization, counseling, health education, free health care services and health facilities will serve as approaches to reduce infant mortality in Emure Local Government Area of Ekiti State.
The research design for the study was survey design of the descriptive research. The sample size of two hundred (200) respondents was used for the study. The respondents were  pregnant women and nursing mothers  in Emure local government area.  Five selected health centre’s and one General Hospital were randomly selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for the study was a 29 –items structured questionnaire. Split -half method was employed to ascertain the instrument using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation. A coefficient of 1 was obtained at 0.05 level of significant. Descriptive statistic involving frequency counts and percentages were used to answer research question. The generated hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square (x2). All  the hypothesis were tested at 0.05 level of significance.
The findings of the study revealed that that immunization of children helps in reducing infant mortality rate in Emure local government area of Ekiti State. Also findings from the study revealed that counselling during antenatal period and Health Education helps in reducing infant mortality rate in the study area.
The researcher concluded that immunization of children, counseling during antenatal period, Health Education, health care services and health facilities helps in reducing infant mortality rate in Emure local government area of Ekiti state. The researcher recommended that State Government should make provision for vaccine for children under the age of five, also Government should make available counselor to educates the women on the approaches to reduce infant mortality.
 ways to reduce infant mortality rate

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